Petrol, also known as gasoline in American English, is a transparent, yellowish, and highly flammable liquid used primarily as fuel for spark-ignited internal combustion engines.

It is derived from the fractional distillation of petroleum and is chemically enhanced with various additives to improve its performance and stability. The fuel's resistance to premature ignition is measured by its octane rating, with higher octane fuels providing better performance in high-compression engines.

Petrol is a major product of crude oil refineries and is produced in various grades to suit different types of engines. It contains known carcinogens and contributes significantly to greenhouse gas emissions when burned, releasing about 2.3 kilograms of CO2 per liter.

In different regions, petrol is referred to by various names. In British English, it is commonly called "petrol," while in American English, it is known as "gasoline" or simply "gas". The terminology highlights its origin from crude oil and its role as a motor fuel for vehicles.

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